«Studi Germanici», 23 (2023)

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Sommario

• Frontespizio e indice, pp. 1-6

Saggi

• Der Traum und seine Medien, pp. 9-36
  Manfred Engel
  While the actually experienced dream as such is accessible only to the dreamer, the remembered and reported dream for us is always modified by our waking consciousness and the chosen medium of representation by which the dream becomes communicable, but is also inevitably (re-)shaped. After preliminary considerations on the peculiarities of dreams, which must be described by an aesthetics of deviation, the essay analyses dream representations in factual dream reports, narrative and scenic literary dreams and dreams in paintings and in films. Examples used are a dream report by Arthur Schnitzler, the dream in Goethe’s Egmont, dream images by Fuseli and Grandville and the first dream in Ingmar Bergman’s film Wild Strawberries.

• Cultura militare nei Soldaten e nel Tugendhafter Taugenichts di J.M.R. Lenz, pp. 37-55
  Maria Giovanna Campobasso
  Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz’s Die Soldaten and his fragment Der Tugendhafte Taugenichts cast a disenchanted look at the repercussions of military conflicts to the detriment of the community. In Lenz’s writing, military culture is firmly linked to the philosophical debate of the time on the social consequences of war. In his essays on the subject, Lenz argues clearly for the state to foster genuine interest in the militia so as to preserve the political identity of its country. Conversely, in his plays, the military setting is instrumental to the current events and political philosophy that mark the works’ tragic development. Ungovernable circumstances and unfortunate coincidences decide the adverse fates of the characters, who are potentially able to define their own tragic trajectory but end up making unhappy choices outside the perimeter already delineated by their social and family context. By insisting on the class component, Lenz invites his viewers to question the nature of the characters’ tragic fall and to recognise social injustice as one of its triggers.

• Mit Vor-Zeichen Dichten. Antizipieren als poetischer Modus bei Friedrich Hölderlin, pp. 57-66
  Rüdiger Görner
  Hölderlin’s concept of the poet’s ‘calling’ includes elements of anticipation, even the prophetic. This essay attempts to identify certain signs and poetic forms relating to this poet’s ambition. The foreword to Hölderlin’s novel Hyperion and its drafts must be seen a pivotal in this undertaking that connects poetry with foresight. Likewise, the preface to his hymn Friedensfeier can be read in correspondence with the anticipatory quality of his poetic stance. The role of the poet, according to Hölderlin, is that of a seer, with poetry being an anti­cipation of the future – merged, however, with a notion of the past that orientates itself along the lines of (Greek) antiquity.

• Einkehr – Einfalt – Einsamkeit. Zu Hölderlins Patmos, pp. 67-80
  Achim Geisenhanslüke
  The article discusses the Patmos poem on the basis of the keywords hospitality, simplicity and solitude in view of the self-reflection of the writing process in the late Hölderlin. Against this background, writing means a critical engagement with biblical tradition through a tendency of multiplication, which can be exemplified by the figure of John. The poem thus opens up beyond Christian dogmatics to a multiplicity of meaning, which it simultaneously stages in writing.

• Zwischen Jacobi und Schelling. Jean Pauls Ästhetik, pp. 81-93
  Helmut Pfotenhauer
  In 1811-1812, the two famous representatives of Munich’s academic associations, Jacobi and Schelling, were discussing divine revelation and the relationship between art and nature in public. The writer and amateur philosopher Jean Paul was their attentive observer. It was during this period that he prepared the second edition of his Vorschule der Ästhetik. In this work, modernity is remeasured between the extremes of romantically unleashed imagination and the hopeless experience of contingency. Both Schelling’s philosophy of identity, in which art becomes the manifestation of God in nature, and Jacobi’s philosophy of faith provided an important stimulus for this remeasuring. The guiding concept of Jean Paul’s humour takes shape in contrast with both. The present contribution traces Jean Paul’s frenzied and self-critical reflections in his contemporary readings and reviews.

• Utopie und Desillusionierung. Zum Motiv der Unsterblichkeit in Erzählungen von Albert Drach, pp. 95-111
  Jürgen Egyptien
  Based on the stories Das Martyrium eines Unheiligen, Amtshandlung gegen einen Unsterblichen and Lunz, this article traces the motif of the immortality of the subject, which grew out of a childhood traumatization, throughout Drach’s career as an author. In the case of the earlier text, Das Martyrium eines Unheiligen, changes in the textual form in comparison to the unpublished first version are also considered. Whereas in Das Amtshandlung gegen einen Unsterblichen the notion of literary immortality is deconstructed, the autobiographically grounded narratives Das Martyrium eines Unheiligen and Lunz transform individual stations of life as successive transformations of the childhood utopia of physical immortality into the ‘Schwundform’ (shrinked shape) of physical survival under the conditions of racial persecution in Austria from 1938 onward. The epilogue casts a sideways glance at Drach’s work in exile, where survival against all odds is interpreted as ‘limited immortality’. 

• Sulla mancata equazione di socialismo e democrazia. La posizione di Stefan Heym, pp. 113-132
  Daniela Nelva
  Stefan Heym, alias Helmut Flieg, was a writer of Jewish origin born in 1913 in Saxony. In 1933 he was forced to flee from Nazi Germany – first to Prague, then to the United States. A fervent socialist and antifascist, Heym took part in the D-Day landing with the American army. His task was to write leaflets to be launched across enemy lines to convince the Wehrmacht soldiers to surrender. Because of McCarthyism, he moved to East Berlin in 1952, sharing the project of a state founded on equality and social justice, albeit from a perspective which was always critical of the increasingly evident political distortions in the German Democratic Republic. This essay deals with the story of an author still little known in Italy, focusing on some of his literary works that thematise the perverse dynamics of power and the failure to achieve democratic socialism in the GDR.

• La vicenda della radice ie. *d^heh₁- in germanico, pp. 133-152
  Luca Panieri
  The root that underlies the English verb do, Nl. doen and Ger. tun is undoubtedly etymologically connected with the IE. *d^heh₁- ‘to place’, but the particular development undergone by this vowel in Germanic languages is not yet clear. In this article, some outward anomalies at the morphophonological level are placed in relation with each other, such as, for example, the root vowel of Germ. *đō- in the present and in the infinitive, opposite that of Germ. *đē₁- in the past participle; the morphological asymmetries of the preterital suffix of weak Gothic verbs (-d- vs. -dēd-); the divergence in the development of IE. *-ēm and IE. *-ēn in Proto-Nordic, etc. This has made it possible to formulate reconstructive hypotheses on the original morphology of the forms directly attested to in historical Germanic languages, but it has also led to the assumption of the existence, in periods prior to these attestations, of morphological paradigms no longer present in the daughter languages.

• Dabei: eine korpusbasierte Beschreibung, pp. 153-185
  Tiziana Roncoroni
  Today’s German is characterized by many deictic-based elements, which – following the grammaticalization process – now show a wide range of usages that, to some extent, still need to be explored empirically. The present study focuses on the pronominal adverb dabei, and proposes a corpus-based description in novels and transcripts of parliament speeches. The following conclusions can be drawn. Dabei usually appears as a complement (in this case in all its possible sentence positions), mostly as a connector, less often functioning as a pronoun and even less as a verb particle, and rarely valency-bound (in this case, tending to be placed in the Mittelfeld). The frequent grammatical words accompanying dabei contribute to its interpretation as a connector. The main interpretation is the comitative one, with dabei mainly being in the Mittelfeld; the second one is contrastive (more precisely, concessive), which prefers the position in the Vorfeld.

Ricerche

• Kulturelles Gedächtnis und die Legitimierung des sozialistischen Staates. Kulturaustausch zwischen der DDR und Italien im Zeichen Goethes, pp. 189-229
  Paul Kahl
  The predecessor of the present-day Klassik Stiftung Weimar – the Nationale Forschungs- und Gedenkstätten der klassischen deutschen Literatur in Weimar (NFG) – developed considerable international cultural contacts in the Cold War years. The most important western state in this regard was Italy, where the NFG staged several exhibitions, the last in autumn 1989 in Trento. Those international contacts were not only intended to spread the Weimar cultural heritage in the name of Goethe; they followed the strategy of legitimacy of the GDR as the (supposed) ‘better Germany’ and aimed to provide the GDR with ‘symbolic capital’, insofar as they were expression of ‘founding memory’. The Italian partners as well as the Italian public recognized the exhibitions’ cultural value, but focused almost exclusively on Goethe himself, not on the political cause behind him.

• Tra scritto e parlato: i V1-Aussagesätze in esempi di narrativa contemporanea di lingua tedesca e nelle relative traduzioni italiane, pp. 231-254
  Benedetta Rosi
  This paper examines a type of structure of the German sentence defined as non-standard and widespread in spontaneous speech, the so called V1-Aussagesatz – that is, the declarative sentence with the finite verb form in the first position rather than in the canonical second one. After describing the V1-Aussagesätze according to the ‘grammar of spoken language’, the study proposes a linguistic and translational analysis, based upon German contemporary narrative texts characterized by sociolinguistic stratification and upon their Italian translations. The aim of the linguistic investigation is to verify which forms and functions are selected in the literature that imitates orality. As regards translation, the V1-Aussagesätze are adopted here as a paradigmatic case to reflect on the strategies implemented when, due to an asymmetry between German language and Italian language, the sociolinguistic markedness of the source text has to be transposed into the target text.

Osservatorio critico della germanistica

• Osservatorio critico della germanistica, pp. 255-352
  a cura di Maurizio Pirro

Abstracts

• English Abstracts, pp. 353-357

Hanno collaborato

• Le autrici e gli autori, pp. 359-361

Ultimo aggiornamento 28 Giugno 2023 a cura di Luisa Giannandrea